Mahesh Gupta built India's second largest water purifier company, Kent RO Systems faces its biggest challenge: Staying ahead of industry heavyweights who have entered this untapped market
Hema Malini dominates the corporate head-quarters of Kent RO Systems in Noida. The walls, stairwells, alcoves and offices are adorned with posters and photographs of the Bollywood actress, either endorsing the company’s range of water purifiers or launching new products. Aggressive advertising has been the hallmark of Kent’s success. It is what has helped it rise from obscurity to become the second-largest water purifier company in India; from a Rs 25-crore firm in 2005 to a Rs 600-crore giant by 2014.
The origin of Kent RO can be traced to Chairman Mahesh Gupta’s tinkering with reverse osmosis in his south Delhi house. (Reverse osmosis is a purification technology that removes salt and effluent materials from water.)
This was in the mid-1990s when the water purification market was dominated by ultraviolet purifiers, and reverse osmosis (RO) was relatively unknown. It was still an untapped market when Gupta launched his company 14 years ago; Eureka Forbes was—and remains—the market leader. Today, Kent has a 30 percent market share in the RO space. (Eureka Forbes has 36 percent.)
The undeniable growth notwithstanding, Gupta faces his toughest challenge yet. In the last 2-3 years, heavyweights such as Tata Chemicals, Panasonic, LG and HUL have entered the RO water purifier market, posing a threat to Kent’s dominance.
Sitting in his office, surrounded by new prototypes of RO water purifiers, Gupta, a mechanical engineer from IIT Kanpur, appears unperturbed by the growing competition. He argues that the industry’s full potential is yet to be tapped. “The penetration of water purifiers is 4 percent, of which RO water purifier penetration must be about 1 percent, which leaves room for all of us to grow.”
According to management consultancy Technopak Advisors, the organised water purifier market is pegged at about Rs 3,500 crore, and is growing at 20 percent every year. With a compounded annual growth rate of 30 percent since 2005, Kent has been expanding faster than the market. But other companies that have entered the space have brand recall and high marketing as well as the R&D heft to displace Kent from the number two spot.
While Kent is looking to enter the Rs 1,000-crore club in two years—Gupta’s deadline—it will have to work harder at retaining the second spot in the market. The advantage that a Tata or a Panasonic has over it is brand recall. “There is a generic trust attached to the Tata name,” says Parag Gadre, head, water purifier business at Tata Chemicals. Tata launched RO purifiers in Kolkata and Bangalore in January 2014, and aims to have a presence in 25 cities over the next quarter. “Over the next 6-9 months, we will launch products at both lower and higher price points,” he says.
Thus, keeping Kent ahead of the pack will be Gupta’s first challenge.
The 60-year-old began his career with Indian Oil in 1978, but left 10 years later to launch Kent Oil Meters. “We made oil meters that helped people monitor the quantity of oil they consumed,” he says. Then, in 1998, his children Surbhi and Varun contracted jaundice, a water-borne disease that claims many lives even today. “It forced me to think of installing a water purifier at my south Delhi home,” he says. But Gupta couldn’t find a good purifier in the market. “The only purifiers back then were the UV ones, which didn’t remove dissolved impurities. I had heard about the reverse osmosis technology, which removed soluble matter, so I imported parts from Taiwan and made a purifier for my home.” (At that time, market leader Eureka Forbes wasn’t into RO purifiers.)
The home-made purifier worked well. “It struck me that there must be a market for it,” says Gupta, who started manufacturing purifiers at his oil meter factory, with a seed capital of Rs 5 lakh. The first RO purifier he made for his family cost about Rs 50,000. But after he started Kent, he sold the purifiers for Rs 20,000. “I made some 25 purifiers in the first batch. Very few people bought it, because this was in 1999 and Rs 20,000 was a big amount,” says Gupta. Today, the company manufactures 4.5 lakh purifiers in the Rs 16,000-18,000 range.
The manufacturing happens at a factory in Rourkee, Uttarakhand. To keep pace with its growth, the company is building a new plant in Noida, which will be operational in two years.
Kent got its big break in 2006 when it signed on Hema Malini as a brand advisor. Gupta knew that if the company had to grow it would have to build brand equity and educate customers about RO technology. “We have become synonymous with RO purifiers. Even today, my biggest challenge is educating customers about the importance of an RO purifier. The government doesn’t want to educate customers because if they do so, it will be seen as their failure to provide good drinking water,” says Gupta. The company spends 15 percent of its revenues on marketing.
(This story appears in the 13 June, 2014 issue of Forbes India. To visit our Archives, click here.)